IR35 rules – What they are and why they matter

The status of IR35 or off-payroll working has caused some confusion since the repeals to reforms put forward by former Chancellor Kwasi Kwarteng were subsequently scrapped by new Chancellor Jeremy Hunt.

IR35 is tax legislation designed to deal with a form of tax avoidance known as disguised remuneration, where individuals attempt to avoid paying the full rate of Income Tax and National Insurance Contributions (NICs), by providing their services through an intermediary, such as a Personal Service Company (PSC).

Engagers now responsible

The IR35 rules, which originally changed in April this year under the 2021 reforms in the private sector, exist to ensure that an individual providing services via a PSC, and who would have been an employee if they were providing their services directly to an end client, pay broadly the same income tax and NICs as a ‘regular’ employee would.

Under this legislation, all medium and large-sized private sector end clients are responsible for deciding a contractor’s employment status, as opposed to previous rules, where freelancers decided their employment status themselves.

The official guidelines for businesses affected by these rules are as follows:

If the determination results in a contractor being within the IR35 rules, it is your responsibility to deduct and pay tax and National Insurance contributions to HM Revenue & Customs via PAYE.

Where an employer fails to correctly identify a disguised employment scheme, the worker’s tax and National Insurance Contributions become their responsibility.

What businesses does this apply to?

According to the Companies Act 2006, a business is defined as ‘medium’ or ‘large’ if it meets two of the following criteria:

Link: Understanding off-payroll working